Introduction
- Geo-physics is a specialized branch of Earth science that studies the physical properties and physical process of the Earth.
- Geophysicists use some quantitative methods and advance technology to analyze the Earth’s properties and process.
- Technology of geophysics is used to locate mineral resources, mitigate natural hazards, and protection of the environment.
- Geophysics has been carved out as an independent discipline from different subjects, such as, geology, physical geography, astronomy, meteorology, and physics.
Elements of Geophysics
- Major elements those are studied under the geophysics are −
- Shape of the Earth
- Gravitational force of the Earth
- Magnetic Fields of the Earth
- Internal structure of the Earth
- Composition of the Earth
- Movement of the Earth’s plate (plate tectonics)
- Volcanic activity
- Rock formation
- Water cycle
- Fluid dynamics, etc.
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Problems that Geophysicists Address
- Following are the problem areas that geophysicists address −
- Building highways and bridges
- Mapping and exploration of mineral resources
- Mapping and exploration of water
- Mapping the earthquake and volcanic regions
- Geological mapping
- Archeology discovery
- Construction of dam and its safety
- Forensic discovery (finding the buried dead bodies)
Techniques and Technology of Geophysics
- Following are the major techniques and technology of geophysics −
- Geo-magnetism
- Electromagnetics
- Polarization
- Seismic technology
- Ground penetrating radar (GPR), etc.
Benefits of Geophysics
- Following are the major benefits of geophysics −
- Researching and studying archeological sites without destroying them
- Designing environmental friendly urban architecture
- Locating and judiciously exploiting natural resources
- Helping in mitigation of natural hazards such as landslide, earthquake, etc
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