View represents the front-end of the application. It consists of HTML files embedded inside PHP code which creates the view of the application. View provides the data to the web browser from your application.
Phalcon\Mvc\View and Phalcon\Mvc\View\Simple are responsible for the managing the view layer of MVC application.
Integrating Views with controller
Views are automatically integrated when controller completes its functionality. The entire view component looks inside the view folder of same file name whose last controller is executed.
Example: If a request made to url 193.168.1.1/javatpoint/phalcon/intro/911
| Server Address | 193.168.1.1 |
|---|---|
| Phalcon Directory | Javatpoint |
| Controller | Phalcon |
| Action | Intro |
| Parameter | 911 |
Implementation
<?php
use Phalcon\Mvc\Controller;
class PostsController extends Controller
{
public function indexAction()
{
}
public function showAction($postId)
{
// Pass the $postId parameter to the view
$this->view->postId = $postId;
}
}Hierarchal Rendering
It is the default component for the view rendering and located under directory Phalcon\MVC\View. Its component automatically uses PHP itself as template engine. It has extension .phtml and view component will find following 3 files.
| Name | File | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Action View | app/views/posts/show.phtml | This is the view related to the action. It only will be shown when the showaction is executed. |
| Controller Layout | app/views/layouts/posts.phtml | This is the view related to the controller. It only will be shown for every action executed within the controller “posts”. All the code implemented in the layout will be reused for all the actions in this controller. |
| Main Layout | app/views/index.phtml | This is main action it will be shown for every controller or action executed within the application. |
Implementation
<!-- app/views/posts/show.phtml -->
<h3>This is show view!</h3>
<p>I have received the parameter <?php echo $postId; ?></p>
<!-- app/views/layouts/posts.phtml -->
<h2>This is the "posts" controller layout!</h2>
<?php echo $this->getContent(); ?>
<!-- app/views/index.phtml -->
<html>
<head>
<title>Example</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>This is Phalcon Tutorial!</h1>
<?php echo $this->getContent(); ?>
</body>
</html> Simple Rendering
It is an alternate component to Phalcon\MVC\View and located under Phalcon\MVC\View\Simple. It is similar to the MVC\View but lacks hierarchy. It allows developer to control view when it is altered and its location.
Implementation
Default component replacement
<?php
use Phalcon\Mvc\View\Simple as SimpleView;
$di->set(
'view',
function () {
$view = new SimpleView();
$view->setViewsDir('../app/views/');
return $view;
},
true
); Now, to render we call the render() method
<?php
use Phalcon\Mvc\Controller;
class PostsController extends Controller
{
public function indexAction()
{
// Render 'views-dir/index.phtml'
echo $this->view->render('index');
// Render 'views-dir/posts/show.phtml'
echo $this->view->render('posts/show');
// Render 'views-dir/index.phtml' passing variables
echo $this->view->render(
'index',
[
'posts' =>Posts::find(),
]
);
// Render 'views-dir/posts/show.phtml' passing variables
echo $this->view->render(
'posts/show',
[
'posts' =>Posts::find(),
]
);
}
}
Declaring simple() method
<?php
$params = [
'posts' =>Posts::find(),
];
// Phalcon\Mvc\View
$view = new \Phalcon\Mvc\View();
echo $view->render('posts', 'show', $params);
// Phalcon\Mvc\View\Simple
$simpleView = new \Phalcon\Mvc\View\Simple();
echo $simpleView->render('posts/show', $params);
?>View Events
Phalcon\Mvc\View and Phalcon\Mvc\View\Simple are able to send events to an EventsManager if it is present.
| Event Name | Triggered | Break Operation |
|---|---|---|
| beforeRender | Triggered before starting the render process | Yes |
| beforeRenderView | Triggered before rendering an existing view | Yes |
| afterRenderView | Triggered after rendering an existing view | No |
| afterRender | Triggered after completing the render process | No |
| notFoundView | Triggered when a view was not found | No |
Implementation
<?php
use Phalcon\Events\Event;
use Phalcon\Events\Manager as EventsManager;
use Phalcon\Mvc\View;
$di->set(
'view',
function () {
// Create an events manager
$eventsManager = new EventsManager();
// Attach a listener for type 'view'
$eventsManager->attach(
'view',
function (Event $event, $view) {
echo $event->getType(), ' - ', $view->getActiveRenderPath(), PHP_EOL;
}
);
$view = new View();
$view->setViewsDir('../app/views/');
// Bind the eventsManager to the view component
$view->setEventsManager($eventsManager);
return $view;
},
true
);
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