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The C compiler promotes certain data types to a higher rank for the sake of achieving consistency in the arithmetic operations of integers. In addition to the standard int data type, the C language lets you work with its subtypes such as char, short int, long int, etc. Each of these data types occupy a different amount of memory space. For…

A variable is nothing but a name given to a storage area that our programs can manipulate. Each variable in C has a specific type, which determines the size and layout of the variable’s memory; the range of values that can be stored within that memory; and the set of operations that can be applied to the…

Data types in C refer to an extensive system used for declaring variables or functions of different types. The type of a variable determines how much space it occupies in storage and how the bit pattern stored is interpreted. In this chapter, we will learn about data types in C. A related concept is that of “variables”, which refer to the…

In C programming, the term “syntax” refers to the set of rules laid down for the programmer to write the source code of a certain application. While there is a specific syntax recommended for each of the keywords in C, certain general rules need to be followed while developing a program in C. A typical source…

Need for User Input in C Every computer application accepts certain data from the user, performs a predefined process on the same to produce the output. There are no keywords in C that can read user inputs. The standard library that is bundled with the C compiler includes stdio.h header file, whose library function scanf() is most commonly…

Identifier in C helps in identifying variables, constants, functions etc., in a C code. C, being a high-level computer language, allows you to refer to a memory location with a name instead of using its address in binary or hexadecimal form. C Identifiers Identifiers are the user-defined names given to make it easy to refer to the memory. It is…

Keywords are those predefined words that have special meaning in the compiler and they cannot be used for any other purpose. As per the C99 standard, C language has 32 keywords. Keywords cannot be used as identifiers. The following table has the list of all keywords (reserved words) available in the C language: auto double int…

A token is referred to as the smallest unit in the source code of a computer language such as C. The term token is borrowed from the theory of linguistics. Just as a certain piece of text in a language (like English) comprises words (collection of alphabets), digits, and punctuation symbols. A compiler breaks a C program…

Using comments in a C program increases the readability of the code. You must intersperse the code with comments at appropriate places. As far as the compiler is concerned, the comments are ignored. In C, the comments are one or more lines of text, that the compiler skips while building the machine code. The comments in C play an…

C is a compiled language. Compiled languages provide faster execution performance as compared to interpreted languages. Different compiler products may be used to compile a C program. They are GCC, Clang, MSVC, etc. In this chapter, we will explain what goes in the background when you compile a C program using GCC compiler. Compiling a…