Category: 04. Facts

are made up of atoms bonded together. They can be simple, like a molecule of oxygen (O2), or complex, like the DNA molecule.

states that matter cannot be created or destroyed in a chemical reaction, only rearranged. This principle is fundamental to understanding chemical reactions.

is essential for photosynthesis, the process by which plants convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose and oxygen using sunlight.

are fundamental concepts in chemistry. Acids have a pH less than 7, bases have a pH greater than 7, and substances with a pH of 7 are neutral.

are generally inert, meaning they don’t readily react with other elements. This is because their outer electron shells are full, making them stable.

occur everywhere, from the rusting of iron to the combustion of gasoline. They involve the breaking and forming of chemical bonds, resulting in the transformation of substances.

are mostly empty space. If you were to remove all the empty space from the atoms in the human body, you could fit the entire world population into the volume of a sugar cube.

is a cornerstone of chemistry. Dmitri Mendeleev is credited with its creation, arranging elements by increasing atomic number and grouping them based on similar chemical properties.

the basis of organic chemistry, can form an incredibly diverse range of compounds due to its ability to bond with other carbon atoms and various elements. This property is called catenation.

is a remarkable substance. Its solid form, ice, is less dense than its liquid form, which is why ice floats. This property is crucial for the survival of aquatic life during winter.